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  NCEO Policy Directions: Recommendations for Addressing Standards and Assessments on State and District IEP Forms (#12)

  Formats: Online

  This year 2001 report provides specific recommendations for how to make IEPs reflect goals and services that support students with disabilities in learning toward high educational standards. The report provides background on IEPs before IDEA 1997 and changes since that time. Recommendations address topics such as adding alternate assessments to IEP forms, including implications of assessment decisions, offering statewide training on standards-based IEPs and assessment options in easily accessed locations, and clearly labeling IEPs so districts know what information is required or recommended.

  Published: March 2001
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  NCEO Synthesis Reports: Assessment Guidelines that Maximize the Participation of Students with Disabilities in Large-Scale Assessments: Characteristics and Considerations (#25)

  Formats: Online

  This 1996 report provides: (1) An overview of immediate and past practice in participation, accommodation, and reporting of students with disabilities in state and national assessments; (2) Criteria for making decisions around participation, accommodation, and reporting of assessment results for students with disabilities. (3) Examples and nonexamples of criteria markers in existing state guidelines, (4) short list of assessment accommodations in four categories, and (5) A hands-on approach to examining and/or revising state and district guidelines about accountability, large-scale assessments, and students with disabilities.

  Published: October 1996
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  NCEO Synthesis Reports: Neglected Numerators, Drifting Denominators, and Fractured Fractions: Determining Participation Rates for Students with Disabilities in Statewide Assessment Programs (#23)

  Formats: Online

  Developing accurate reporting procedures on the participation of students with disabilities in large-scale assessment programs has proven to be difficult, due to a lack of data, differing definitions of eligible testing populations, and the misalignment of data collection efforts and data management responsibilities. This 1996 report provides specific recommendations for both policymakers and local practitioners and administrators to assist in improving our ability to accurately report the participation of students with disabilities in statewide assessment programs.

  Published: October 1996
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  NCEO Technical Reports: Matching State Goals to a Model of Outcomes and Indicators for Grade 8 (#16)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1995 report describes the extent of correspondence between state articulated student outcomes and indicators at grade 8 and the grade 8 outcomes in a model developed by the National Center on Educational Outcomes and partnering stakeholders. Figures showing the outcomes at grade 8 and information on the matching activity are presented. The model was developed in order to aid state and local level practitioners involved in the articulation of educational goals, performance standards, assessments, and curriculum frameworks at different age and grade levels.

  Published: October 1995
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  NCEO Technical Reports: Matching State Goals to a Model of Outcomes and Indicators for Grade 4 (#15)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1995 report describes the extent of correspondence between state articulated student outcomes and indicators at grade 4 and the grade 4 outcomes in a model developed by the National Center on Educational Outcomes and partnering stakeholders. Figures showing the outcomes at grade 4 and information on the matching activity are presented. The model was developed in order to aid state and local level practitioners involved in the articulation of educational goals, performance standards, assessments, and curriculum frameworks at different age and grade levels.

  Published: September 1995
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  NCEO Technical Reports: Matching State Goals to a Model of Outcomes and Indicators for Age 6 (#14)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1995 report describes the extent of correspondence between state articulated student outcomes and indicators at age 6 and the age 6 outcomes in a model developed by the National Center on Educational Outcomes and partnering stakeholders. Figures showing the outcomes at age 6 and information on the matching activity are presented. The model was developed in order to aid state and local level practitioners involved in the articulation of educational goals, performance standards, assessments, and curriculum frameworks at different age and grade levels.

  Published: August 1995
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  NCEO Technical Reports: Matching State Goals to a Model of Outcomes and Indicators for Age 3 (#13)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1995 report describes the extent of correspondence between state articulated student outcomes and indicators at age 3 and the age 3 outcomes in a model developed by the National Center on Educational Outcomes and partnering stakeholders. Figures showing the outcomes at age 3 and information on the matching activity are presented. The model was developed in order to aid state and local level practitioners involved in the articulation of educational goals, performance standards, assessments, and curriculum frameworks at different age and grade levels.

  Published: August 1995
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  NCEO Synthesis Reports: Views on Inclusion and Testing Accommodations for Students with Disabilities (#7)

  Formats: PDF

  This monograph represents the culmination of an effort to obtain expert opinions about the challenges of inclusion (who should be included - or excluded - from assessments, how the decision is made, and who makes the decision) and accommodations (what modifications can be made in assessment materials and/or procedures that still allow valid assessment results to be obtained). This monograph presents papers on issues of inclusion and accommodations be field experts Bob Algozzine, Paul H. Koehler, Barbar L. Loeding and Jerry B. Crittenden, Jack Merwin, Daniel J. Reschly, and Maynard C. Reynolds.

  Published: September 1993
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  NCEO Technical Reports: Experts' Opinions about the Appropriateness and Feasibility of National Math Standards (#4)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1993 report presents survey results on the appropriateness and feasibility of the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards published by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics in relation to math instruction for students with disabilities. The study surveyed eleven experts in the areas of mathematics education, special education, and assessment. Results showed that the major factor determining opinions about the Standards was the respondents' basic belief about the appropriate form of math instruction for students with disabilities. Little agreement on the appropriateness and feasibility of the Standards was found beyond the elementary grade levels. A discussion of the implications for the math education of students with disabilities is included.

  Published: February, 1993
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  NCEO Reports: State Discussion Guide for Communicating SSIP Data with Stakeholders (#452)

  Formats: Online

  Federal law requires states to engage stakeholders in the State Performance Plan/Annual Performance Report (SPP/APR), especially for the State Systemic Improvement Plan (SSIP). A communication plan is a crucial tool for this process, helping teams effectively share data and information. NCEO facilitated a Peer Learning Group with 58 participants from 26 states to collaboratively develop a planning guide, ensuring messaging is accessible and meaningful, fostering transparency and trust. Teams can use this guide to create targeted strategies for different audiences and we include a sample SSIP Data Communication Plan that teams can use.

  Published: September 2025
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  NCEO Participation Communication Toolkit: Communicating about Annual State Assessment Participation for All Students: A Communication Toolkit

  Formats: Word

  This communications toolkit was developed by the National Center on Educational Outcomes (NCEO) to identify and describe reasons why all students, including students with disabilities, English learners, and English learners with disabilities should take state tests. The purpose of the tool is to provide a concise resource that state education agency staff, and district and school administrators can use when communicating with educators, policymakers, families, and students about why it is so important that students participate in state assessments. It also contains materials that Individualized Educational Program (IEP) teams can use when making state test participation decisions for students with disabilities. This toolkit is intended to provide a neutral but useful mechanism to guide positive, thoughtful conversations about student testing participation.

  Published: 2023-03-09
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  NCEO Newsletter: October 2019 issue

  Formats: Online

  This newsletter includes articles on a variety of topics. First, a Brief on examining disproportionality is highlighted, including ideas for looking at data when sample sizes are small; this brief also provides a link to a video on producing confidence intervals. Following that is an article highlighting a study of guidance manuals; it describes ideas and lessons learned from leaders who developed state education agency and local education agency guidance manuals for identifying, assessing, and referring English learners (ELs) to special education. Presentations that will be made by NCEO staff in November in St Paul, Minnesota (MELEd) and February in Portland Oregon (CEC) are also listed in this newsletter. Finally information on products from two NCEO affiliated projects is presented – first, several products from the TIES Center are shown, followed by a description of a module that is now publicly available from the DIAMOND project.

  Published: October 2019
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  NCEO Data Analytics: State and National Demographic Information for English Learners (ELs) and ELs with Disabilities, 2012-13 (#4)

  Formats: Online

  This interactive report presents data that states have submitted on the five languages most frequently used by English learners (ELs) in each state, the percent of identified ELs receiving services, the percent of ELs with disabilities, and a state profile page. The data are derived from Consolidated State Performance Reports (CSPRs), the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP), and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), and from calculations made using these sources for the school year 2012-13.

  Published: April 2016
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  Successfully Transitioning Away from the 2% Assessment: Frequently Asked Questions

  Formats: PDF

  On August 23, 2013, the U.S. Department of Education published a proposed rollback of the regulation that allowed the alternate assessment based on modified achievement standards (AA-MAS). In February 2014, a meeting was held for states to develop plans to transition away from the AA-MAS. During the meeting, states had the opportunity to ask question of the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP), as well as other experts, about the use of data, accommodations, standards-based IEPs, and universal design. This set of Frequently Asked Questions represent commonly asked questions raised during this meeting.

  Published: July 2014
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  NCEO Synthesis Reports: Students with Disabilities in Standards-Based Assessment and Accountability Systems: Emerging Issues, Strategies, and Recommendations (#37)

  Formats: Online

  A report that addresses emerging issues affecting students with disabilities in standards-based assessment and accountability systems, as of the year 2001. Challenges and possible strategies for addressing the challenges are provided as identified by researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, based on a model developed by the National Center on Educational Outcomes, "Issues Related to Students with Disabilities in Assessment and Accountability Systems." The strategies presented here are concrete approaches to address challenges policymakers and practitioners are seeing in early implementation of inclusive assessment and accountability systems. All of these strategies have potential to increase the positive consequences and minimize the negative consequences of school reform for students with disabilities.

  Published: February 2001
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  NCEO Synthesis Reports: A Perspective on Education and Assessment in Other Nations: Where Are Students with Disabilities? (#19)

  Formats: Online

  Findings about the exclusion of students with disabilities in U. S. assessments necessarily lead to questions about the status of students with disabilities in international comparison assessments and in the assessments used in other nations. Are students with disabilities included in these assessments? Are appropriate accommodations used during the assessments? When are "exclusion rates" reported? Do all countries start from the same base of "all" students? The purpose of this 1995 report is to address these kinds of questions. We do this by examining students with disabilities in international comparison studies and in assessments in each of 14 nations, including the U. S., that are among those included in previous or current international comparative studies.

  Published: April 1995
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  NCEO Technical Reports: Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in National and State Data Collection Programs (#2)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1992 report summarizes the extent to which individuals with disabilities were represented in national and state data collection programs. After 30 different data collection programs were identified for potential evaluation, 9 of them were reviewed. The extent to which students with disabilities were included in state outcomes assessment activities was evaluated through a survey of state directors of special education. Findings include statistics on the percent of students with disabilities being excluded, issues related to exclusion guidelines, and issues stemming from the lack of representation of students with disabilities in national outcome measures.

  Published: March 1992
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  NCEO Technical Reports: State Practices in the Assessment of Outcomes for Students with Disabilities (#1)

  Formats: PDF

  This year 1991 report provides information on what states and territories were doing related to outcomes assessment during the years of 1991 to 1995. It presents the results of surveys and reviews of then current state practices and future plans. The Survey of State Policies was conducted to: (a) produce a data base on state efforts to develop systems to assess educational outcomes, (b) assess states' needs for solutions t technical/implementation problems, (c) identify important state-level information and existing data bases, and (d) assess efforts of states to design a comprehensive system of indicators in general and special education.

  Published: October 1991
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  NCEO Reports: A Summary of the Research on the Effects of K–12 Test Accommodations: 2021 (#438)

  Formats: PDF

  This report provides an update on the state of the research on testing accommodations. Previous reports by the National Center on Educational Outcomes (NCEO) have covered research published since 1999. In this report, we summarize the research published in 2021. During 2021, 12 research studies addressed testing accommodations in the U.S. K–12 education system. The research published in the year 2021 addressed several critical areas such as the effects of accommodations on student performance and educators’ knowledge, perceptions, and implementation practices regarding accommodations. The research also identifies emerging trends such as the use of paper-and-pencil accommodations in digital environments, the role of individualized accommodations, and the increased research in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) content areas.

  Published: February 2023
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  Including Students who are Blind or Visually Impaired in English Language Proficiency Assessments: A Review of State Policies

  Formats: PDF

  A report updating information on state participation and accommodations policies for English language learners (ELLs) who are Blind/Visually Impaired (VI) on English language proficiency (ELP) assessments used for Title III accountability. Accommodations policies are discussed with reference to seven accommodations in three categories that are commonly used by ELLs who are Blind/VI. Included are five accommodations from the Presentation category (Braille, Large Print, Read Aloud Directions, Read Aloud Questions, Screen Reader/Text to Speech), one accommodation from the Response category (Brailler), and one accommodation from the Equipment category (Magnification Equipment).

  Published: August 2014