Witmer, S. E., Lovett, B. J., & Buzick, H. M. (2023). Extended time accommodations on the 2017 NAEP Grade 8 Mathematics Test: Eligibility, use, and benefit . Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment , 41 (2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1177/07342829221130457

Extended time was the focus of this study. Text-to-speech use was included as a possible moderator variable.

Data from 1,670 grade 8 students who were eligible for the extended time accommodation on the 2017 NAEP grade 8 mathematics test were used, as well as the process data, such as data on the use of accessibility features.

Scores from the 2017 NAEP grade 8 mathematics test were used to measure performance. Process data provided information on test block duration, the use of extended time and text-to-speech, and the perceived importance of doing well on the test.

While 60% of students with IEPs were eligible for extended time, only 28.7% of those eligible actually used any extra time. Students who used extended time scored significantly higher than those who did not use it, with about a 0.4 standard deviation difference in scores. Use of extended time was associated with perceiving the test as more important and using text-to-speech features, but was not moderated by disability type.