Choi, S. W., & Tinkler, T. (2002, April). Evaluating comparability of paper-and-pencil and computer-based assessment in a K–12 setting [Paper presentation]. Annual meeting of the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME), New Orleans, LA, United States. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274713232_Evaluating_comparability_of_paper-and-pencil_and_computer-based_assessment_in_a_K-12_setting_1

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Center on Measurement in Education

Students took alternate forms of the test under computer administration and paper-and-pencil administration.

Data from 800 grade 3 students and 800 grade 10 students were examined.

Items from a statewide math and reading test were analyzed. Surveys were also conducted to determine student computer experience.

Item difficulty estimates did not appear to be the same across modes, particularly on the reading test and at the third grade level. When comparing identical items that were administered across both modes, computer items tended to have higher item difficulty estimates. Scrolling reading passages on computer screens seemed to have interfered with a student's test-taking behavior, particularly for younger students.